Guadalupe FC vs Deportivo Saprissa

Guadalupe FC vs Deportivo Saprissa: Expert Betting Analysis

Guadalupe FC and Deportivo Saprissa are set to face off in an exciting match on November 2, 2025. This analysis provides insights into various betting predictions based on statistical data. The match promises a dynamic encounter, with both teams having strengths that could influence the outcome. The betting odds reflect a balanced competition with specific trends suggesting cautious betting on goals in the first half and potential scoring opportunities in the second half.

Betting Predictions

First Half Predictions

• Both Teams Not To Score In 1st Half: 85.40
• Away Team Not To Score In 1st Half: 87.10
• Home Team Not To Score In 1st Half: 71.80
• Over 0.5 Goals HT: 66.70

Second Half Predictions

• Both Teams Not To Score In 2nd Half: 76.00
• Away Team To Score In 2nd Half: 72.50
• Home Team Not To Score In 2nd Half: 58.30

Overall Match Predictions

• Over 1.5 Goals: 69.70
• Over 2.5 Goals: 58.50

Goal Timing Predictions

• First Goal Between Minute 0-29: 61.30
• Last Goal Between Minutes 73-90: 65.50
• Goal In Last 15 Minutes: 65.70
• Goal In Last 10 Minutes: 65.30

Average Goal Statistics

• Avg. Total Goals: 4.35
• Avg. Conceded Goals: 1.57
• Avg. Goals Scored: 2.29

Additiona1: # A cross-sectional study of potential risk factors for hospital-acquired Clostridium difficile infection 2: Author: Alina L Mawhinney, Seonaidh J Cameron, Mark G Evison, et al. 3: Date: 12-22-2009 4: Link: https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2334-9-221 5: BMC Infectious Diseases: Research Article 6: ## Abstract 7: BackgroundClostridium difficile infection (CDI) is an important cause of diarrhoea in hospitalised patients and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. We investigated the relationship between several risk factors and the acquisition of CDI. 8: MethodsA prospective cross-sectional study of all patients with diarrhoea on an acute medical ward over a three-month period. 9: ResultsOf the total of n =166 patients with diarrhoea during the study period, n =131 (79%) were investigated for C.difficile toxin A/B in faeces using ELISA and cell culture cytotoxicity assay (n =31) or PCR (n =100). Of these, n =27 (21%) were C.difficile positive by at least one test; n =18 by ELISA/cytotoxicity assay alone and n =9 by PCR alone, with no concordance between tests in these patients. 10: ConclusionsHospital acquired C.difficile infection was significantly associated with a number of risk factors including recent use of antibiotics and proton pump inhibitors, prolonged hospital stay and increasing age. 11: ## Background 12: Clostridium difficile is a Gram-positive, spore-forming anaerobic bacillus that is a common cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea and colitis [1]. The incidence of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) has increased dramatically over the last decade [2], as has its severity [3]. Patients who develop CDI have significantly higher mortality rates than those who do not [4], placing considerable strain on hospital resources. 13: Several risk factors have been identified for CDI including recent exposure to antibiotics, previous history of CDI, advanced age and immunosuppression [5]. However it remains unclear whether there are additional risk factors that could be modified to prevent infection. 14: We performed a prospective cross-sectional study to investigate the relationship between several potential risk factors and hospital acquired CDI. 15: ## Methods 16: ### Study design 17: A prospective cross-sectional study was carried out on an acute medical ward over a three-month period from October to December, during which all patients admitted to the ward who developed diarrhoea were studied. 18: ### Study setting 19: The acute medical ward is a general medical unit located within a large teaching hospital serving a population of approximately one million people. 20: ### Patient population 21: All patients admitted to the acute medical ward who developed diarrhoea during their admission were included in the study. 22: ### Definition of diarrhoea 23: Diarrhoea was defined as three or more loose stools per day or more than three episodes of watery stools per day [6]. 24: ### Microbiological testing 25: Faecal samples were tested for C.difficile toxin A/B using two different methods; enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) followed by cell culture cytotoxicity assay (Cycletest™ C.difficile Toxin A/B kit; Techlab, Blacksburg, Virginia), or polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using a C.difficile-specific primer set [7]. 26: ### Data collection 27: For each patient admitted to the ward who developed diarrhoea during their admission, the following data were collected prospectively from their medical notes: 28: Demographic information including age and sex; 29: Date of admission; 30: Date when diarrhoea was first noticed; 31: Presence or absence of abdominal pain; 32: Presence or absence of fever (>37°C); 33: Presence or absence of bloody stools; 34: Recent exposure to antibiotics; 35: Recent exposure to proton pump inhibitors (PPIs); 36: Recent exposure to histamine H2-receptor antagonists; 37: Recent exposure to laxatives; 38: Use of nasogastric tube; 39: Length of stay in hospital prior to onset of diarrhoea. 40: ### Statistical analysis 41: Continuous variables were compared using Mann Whitney U-test and categorical variables using Fisher’s exact test as appropriate. 42: A logistic regression model was used to examine associations between independent variables and CDI status (positive or negative). All variables were initially examined as categorical variables where possible (e.g., age groupings rather than continuous variable). Variables that were significant in univariate analyses were included in multivariate models if they had p-values less than or equal to .05; otherwise they were retained if they changed the coefficient estimates for other variables by more than ten percent. 43: All analyses were conducted using Stata version SE10 software [8]. 44: ## Results 45: ### Patient population 46: Over the three-month period from October to December inclusive, there were n =166 patients admitted to the acute medical ward who developed diarrhoea during their admission; n =35 were excluded because they had already been diagnosed with CDI prior to their admission to this ward (n =13) or because they had been transferred from another ward where they had developed diarrhoea (n =22). 47: Of the remaining n =131 patients who developed diarrhoea while on this ward, faecal samples from n =131 were sent for investigation for C.difficile toxin A/B using ELISA followed by cell culture cytotoxicity assay (n =31) or PCR (n =100). Faecal samples from n =100 patients could not be tested by ELISA/cytotoxicity assay because this method requires a fresh sample which is difficult to obtain retrospectively when stool samples are sent from wards where collection facilities are limited. 48: Of these n =131 patients tested for C.difficile toxin A/B, n =27 (21%) were positive by at least one test; n =18 by ELISA/cytotoxicity assay alone and n =9 by PCR alone; there was no concordance between tests in these patients. 49: ### Risk factor analysis 50: The clinical characteristics and potential risk factors for all patients tested for C.difficile toxin A/B are summarised in Table S1 in Additional File S1 according to whether they had positive results on either test or both tests combined compared with those who had negative results on both tests combined (Table S2 in Additional File S1). 51: The median age was significantly higher among those with positive results compared with those with negative results on both tests combined; median age among those with positive results was seventy-one years compared with fifty-six years among those with negative results on both tests combined; p-value = .0008. 52: The median length of stay prior to onset of diarrhoea was significantly higher among those with positive results compared with those with negative results on both tests combined; median length of stay prior to onset of diarrhoea among those with positive results was thirty-three days compared with twenty-five days among those with negative results on both tests combined; p-value = .0015. 53: There was no statistically significant difference between groups according to sex; however there was an imbalance towards more males among those with positive results compared with those with negative results on both tests combined; p-value = .0570. 54: There was no statistically significant difference between groups according to presence or absence of abdominal pain or fever >37°C but there was a statistically significant difference between groups according to presence or absence of bloody stools; bloody stools were present among five percent of those with positive results compared with twenty-five percent among those with negative results on both tests combined; p-value = .0006. 55: There was a statistically significant difference between groups according to recent exposure to antibiotics within seven days prior to onset of diarrhoea; recent exposure within seven days prior to onset of diarrhoea was present among sixty-seven percent of those with positive results compared with thirty-eight percent among those with negative results on both tests combined; p-value < .0001. 56: There was also a statistically significant difference between groups according to recent exposure to PPIs within seven days prior to onset of diarrhoea; recent exposure within seven days prior to onset of diarrhoea was present among forty-three percent of those with positive results compared with fourteen percent among those with negative results on both tests combined; p-value < .0001. 57: There was no statistically significant difference between groups according to recent exposure to histamine H2-receptor antagonists within seven days prior to onset of diarrhoea or recent exposure to laxatives within seven days prior to onset of diarrhoea but there was a statistically significant difference between groups according to use of nasogastric tube within seven days prior to onset of diarrhoea; use within seven days prior to onset of diarrhoea was present among twenty-two percent of those with positive results compared with four percent among those with negative results on both tests combined; p-value = .0006. 58: 59: 60: 61: 62: 63: 64: 65: 66: 67: 68: 69: 70: 71: 72: 73: 74: 75: 76: 77: 78: 79: 80: Table S3 in Additional File S1 summarises the univariate analysis examining associations between independent variables and CDI status (positive or negative) using ELISA/cytotoxicity assay alone (Table S4 in Additional File S1), PCR alone (Table S5 in Additional File S1), or both tests combined (Table S6 in Additional File S1). Table S7 in Additional File S1 summarises the multivariate analysis examining associations between independent variables and CDI status using only variables that were significant in univariate analyses for each test alone or both tests combined together. 81: The final multivariate model using only variables that were significant in univariate analyses included age groupings (<60 years vs ≥60 years), recent use of antibiotics within seven days prior to onset (<7 days vs ≥7 days), recent use PPIs within seven days prior (<7 days vs ≥7 days), length stay prior (<28 days vs ≥28 days), nasogastric tube within seven days prior (<7 days vs ≥7 days) and bloody stools (60 years), recent use antibiotics (<7 days), recent use PPIs (28 days) and nasogastric tube (28 days), recent use antibiotics (<7 days), recent use PPIs (<7days) and nasogastric tube (<7days) are all independently associated with hospital acquired CDI while bloody stools are not independently associated after adjustment for other variables. 85: Increasing age has been identified as an important risk factor for CDI previously [9] but we found that increasing age is also independently associated after adjustment for other potential risk factors such as recent use antibiotics (28days) has also been identified as an important risk factor previously [10] but we found that longer length stay is also independently associated after adjustment for other potential risk factors such as increasing age groupings (>60years). 87]: Recent use antibiotics (28days). 88]: Recent use PPIs (60years). 89]: Nasogastric tube (60years). 90]: The strength’s aspects include its prospective design allowing us capture all patients developing diarrhoea over this three-month period while minimising bias due to retrospective data collection from patient notes occurring afterwards at a later time point when recall bias may be introduced if data collection occurs retrospectively from patient notes afterwards at a later time point rather than prospectively during admission itself when information is fresh still available directly from patient interviews bedside examination laboratory investigations etc.. Another strength’s aspect includes our inclusion criteria being broad enough including any patient admitted onto our acute medical unit regardless whether they have previously received treatment elsewhere beforehand ensuring representativeness generalizability findings beyond single institution context which would otherwise limit external validity generalisability conclusions drawn from study findings across wider population settings alike reducing selection bias confounding effects potentially arising due differential inclusion criteria application across different hospitals units departments etc.. 91 : However our study does have some limitations worth noting too such small sample size limiting statistical power detect differences especially when considering subgroup analyses stratifying various combinations independent variables simultaneously potentially masking true associations existing relationships being missed due insufficiently large sample sizes required robustly testing hypotheses generating reliable estimates confidence intervals around parameter estimates derived logistic regression models fitted observed data sets collected field studies like ours conducted real-world settings unlike controlled experimental conditions laboratory experiments where researcher can manipulate control extraneous variables keeping constant everything else except independent dependent variable(s) under investigation focus attention precisely hypothesis being tested thereby reducing noise confounding variability improving precision accuracy estimates obtained statistical analyses performed afterwards retrospectively once data already collected gathered observed events happened happenings occurred instead manipulating controlling introducing changing altering modifying varying adjusting tweaking tuning optimizing calibrating settings parameters conditions circumstances environments situations contexts backgrounds frameworks structures systems models theories concepts ideas thoughts feelings emotions desires wants needs wants wishes hopes dreams fears anxieties worries concerns doubts uncertainties questions inquiries investigations explorations examinations inspections assessments evaluations appraisals estimations calculations computations determinations decisions choices alternatives options possibilities potentials probabilities likelihoods chances odds ratios odds proportions percentages fractions ratios rates speeds velocities accelerations decelerations fluctuations variations deviations divergences convergences consistencies inconsistencies consistencies inconsistences inconsistancies inconsistencencies inconsistenicies inconsistenicies inconsistencencies inconsistenicies inconsistencencies inconsistenicies inconsistencencies inconsistenicies inconsistencencies inconsistenicies inconsistencencies inconsistenicies inconsistencencies inconsistenicies inconsistencies inconsistencencies inconsistencies inconsistencies inconsistencies inconsistencies inconsistencies inconsistencies inconsistencies inconsistencies inconsistencies inconsistencies inconsistencies inconsistencies inconsistencies inconsistencies inconsistencies inconsistencies inconsistencies inconsistencies inconsistencies inconsistences inconsistancies inconsistenicies inconsistenicies inconsistenicies inconsistenicies inconsistenicies inconsistenicies inconsistencencies inconsistancies inconsistancies inconsistancies inconsistancies inconsistancies inconsistancies inconsistancies inconsistenties inconsistenties inconsistenties inconsistenties inconsistenties inconsistenties inconsistenties inconsistenties inconsistenties inconsistenties inconsistenties inconsistenties inconsistenties inconsistenties inconsistenties inconsistenties inconsistenties inconsistenties inconsistenties inconsistenties inconsistenties inconsistenties inconsistenties inconsistenties inconsistenties inconsistenties inconsistenties inconsistenties ** TAGS ** – ID: 1 start_line: 12 end_line: 13 information_type: scientific background literature remark empirical result discussion brief description: Discussion about the increase in incidence and severity of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) over the last decade. level of complexity: B factual obscurity: B formulaic complexity: N/A is a chain of reasoning: false assumptions: – N/A final_conclusion: – N/A reasoning_steps: – [] is_self_contained: true relies_on_figure: N/A dependencies: – brief description: Increase in incidence and severity over time type: empirical result discussion paper location: N/A – ID: 2 start_line: ’17’ – ’17’ – ’19’ – ’19’ – ’23’ – ’23’ – ’25’ – ’25’ – ’27’ – ’27’ – ’41’ – ’42’ – ’42’ – ’42’